Balance is a stability to maintain postural control as an in- and output from visual, vestibular, and somatosensory systems. Therefore, balance testing is very important part of tests in human performance. Balance is an ability to maintain body in control with minimal body sway (line of gravity within their base of support), in which all acting forces are cancelled by each other resulting in a stable and balanced posture.

The control of body sway is a result from co-operation between multimodal systems. The central nervous system (CNS = Brain and spinal cord) receives information and controls the body orientation from three main sensory systems (somatosensory, vestibular and visual systems). Body sway is an integration of this sensory feedback and subsequently generating a corrective outcome, stabilizing body by selectively activating muscles. Therefore, balance evaluation is a key to our CNS and it is an important part of neurological tests.

When humans experience externally induced errors in a movement or activities require the performance of more than one task simultaneously motor system’s control is needed. Motor coordination in multi-tasking situations is relevant to everyday life, since many daily activities require the tasks one after another, simultaneously or parallel. The role of attention and cognition in different types of motor performance is evident. All these factors should be taken into consideration when speaking of human behavior and action. Then it would be easier to understand deteriorated motor coordination in situations like handheld phone when moving or in management of environmental constraints in daily activities. Also, understanding the behavior and action lead us to the early diagnosis and assessment as well as staging the capability of demanding work or mild and early stages in neurological stages, such as parkinson, Alzheimer etc. Also it has been noted that in mild stages of mild traumatic brain injuries can affect abnormal movement as a result of a multilevel central nervous system malfunction. Earlier the diagnosis – better the rehabilitation and medication.

Balance evaluation is a mixture of different measures described as functional, static or dynamic tests. To measure the capacity of body sway or when differentiating the systems, we must use different postures and conditions, such as feet together, tandem and one leg stance, eyes open and closed, with soft or firm surface. The results of these tests can be used in with prognosis and assessments of human condition, contributing to decision-making around people’s capability in high elite sports, to work or early detection of aging or neurological diseases, for instance. They can be used together with solutions and algorithms used in this study for rehabilitation and coaching use to measure the key components of human performance. For example, following concussion, communication between these sensory systems can be disrupted causing postural instability. A traditional Romberg test is used as a part of concussion assessment). The influence of vision on stability can be expressed using the Romberg’s quotient, RQ. Romberg tests are normally conducted using a stop-watch and error grading, but the same test positions (feet together, tandem-, one- and double-leg stance) are also used in computerized balance tests. Computerized boards offer more precise and objective measurement of performance. RQ has been used in detecting elderly falls, balance disturbances in multiple sclerosis and it has shown promising results in the measurement of concussions sustained during sport.

Now, balance can be determined as a set of movements or exercises while wearing the sensor, which captures precise measurements previously unavailable to healthcare professionals or coaches. With the data, the performance can be monitored more accurately and objectively.